Quantitative Electroencephalographic Changes and Retinal Alterations in Subclinical Cerebrovascular Injury: A Case Report

Small vessel disease induced by arterial hypertension is associated with an increased risk of stroke, dementia, cognitive impairment, and death.It comprises a group of lesions visible only by magnetic resonance imaging technique, which cannot be used in a comprehensive evaluation of hypertensive patient because of its cost and availability.We present an uncontrolled hypertensive patient with cardiovascular risk factors, with no history of previous cerebro vascular events presenting signs of small vessel disease on brain resonance imaging.Evident signs of hypertensive retinopathy in both eyes were observed, with micro hemorrhage and micro exudates in the left eye.Quantitative electroencephalographic analysis showed a significant increase in theta frequency, predominantly in left frontal, central and temporal regions.These findings could indicate the potential of these simpler and economical methods, in the prediction of subclinical brain damage of hypertensive patients.