Steam Reforming of the Bio-Oil Aqueous Fraction in a Fluidized Bed Reactor with in Situ CO2 Capture

The effect of CO 2 capture in hydrogen production by steam reforming of the bio-oil aqueous fraction was studied. The reforming and cracking activity of the adsorbent (dolomite) and the relationship between these reactions and those corresponding to the catalyst (reforming and water gas shift (WGS)) were considered. The experiments were conducted in a two-step system with the first step at 300 °C for pyrolytic lignin retention. The remaining volatiles were reformed in a subsequent fluidized bed reactor on a Ni/La 2 O 3 –α-Al 2 O 3 catalyst. A suitable balance was stricken between the reforming and WGS reactions, on the one side, and the cracking and coke formation reactions, on the other side, at 600 °C for catalyst/dolomite mass ratios ≥0.17. At this temperature and space-time of 0.45 g catalyst h (g bio-oil ) −1, bio-oil was fully converted and the H 2 yield was around 99% throughout the CO 2 capture step. Catalyst deactivation was very low because the cracking hydrocarbon products (coke precursors) were reformed.