Severe central airway obstruction caused by primary endobronchial B-cell lymphoma: three case reports and literature review

Figures

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  Fig. 1. The manifestation of pulmonary function test(PFT), chest computed tomography (CT), bronchoscopy and pathology. (A)PFT revealed extremely severe obstruction of ventilation dysfunction. (B, C) CT of the chest revealed a soft tissue-density nodule within the trachea and thickened trachea wall(B, arrow shows the central bronchial stem), without enlarged lymph nodes compressing the trachea and main bronchus (C, arrow shows none enlarged lymph nodes); (D) bronchoscopic view of the trachea and carina showed significant soft mass that originated in the upper segment of the main bronchus; (E)Laser tumor ablation was used to achieve enucleation of the mass; (F) after interventional bronchoscopies, the main bronchi were rechanneled and some mucosal lesions remained; (G) pathological examination of the tumor showed lymphocyte proliferation was significant in mucosal interstitium; (H) a diffuse infiltrate of large pleomorphic lymphoid cells stained positively for CD20, indicating high grade B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (magnification, ×400); (G) the Ki67 proliferation fraction was 15% (magnification, ×400)

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  Fig. 2. The manifestation of chest computed tomography (CT), bronchoscopy and pathology. (A) CT of the chest revealed a soft tissue-density nodule in the posterior tracheal lumen; (B) bronchoscopic view of the trachea showed a significant soft mass at the upper trachea near the glottis, causing central airway obstruction. (C)The tumor was eliminated by laser ablation and biopsy forceps; (D) after interventional bronchoscopies, the main bronchi were rechanneled and much more clear than before; (G) pathological examination showed that mucosal interstitial lymphocyte proliferation was significant; (H) a diffuse infiltrate of large pleomorphic lymphoid cells stained positively for CD20, indicating B-cell lymphoma (magnification, ×400); (G) the Ki67 proliferation fraction was 15% (magnification, ×400)

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  Fig. 3. The manifestation of pulmonary function test(PFT), chest computed tomography (CT), bronchoscopy and pathology. (A)PFT showed a plateau-like change in expiratory phase, (B, C) CT of the chest showed thicken bronchial wall in a ring-like pattern. (D)bronchoscopic view of the trachea and carina revealed a significant soft mass that originated in the upper segment of the main bronchus. (E) A biopsy was performed via bronchoscope. (F)Pathological examination Revealed B cell lymphoma