Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Healthcare Professionals Regarding Pulmonary Rehabilitation in India: A Comprehensive Survey-based Evaluation

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a crucial nonpharmacological treatment for people with chronic respiratory disease conditions, helping them reduce symptoms and live a better quality of life. However, many people in India who could benefit from PR do not receive it. This study aimed to comprehensively assess knowledge, attitudes, reported clinical outcomes, patient adherence, challenges faced, and availability of pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) in India, as perceived by healthcare professionals (HCPs). Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional online survey of 156 HCPs involved in PR or chronic respiratory disease management across India collected data on seven thematic areas. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively and qualitative data thematically. The study adhered to STROBE guidelines. Results: HCPs demonstrated high personal awareness of PR benefits and its multidisciplinary nature. However, a significant perceived gap in community awareness of PR was identified. Variability in the availability of PR programs, predominantly in urban centers, and inconsistencies in the types of services offered were noted. Key challenges reported included patient financial constraints, transportation issues, limited patient and community awareness, and a shortage of trained PR staff. HCPs observed improvements in patient outcomes but identified socioeconomic factors and lack of family support as major determinants of patient adherence. Conclusion: This assessment highlights critical knowledge-practice gaps and systemic challenges hindering PR delivery in India. Findings emphasize the urgent need for standardized, accessible, patient-centric PR programs supported by national guidelines, diversified delivery models, and enhanced HCP training to improve outcomes and quality of life for CRD patients.