FPGA-Accelerated Quantum Computing Emulation and Quantum Key Distillation

In the past decades, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have demonstrated an interesting physical platform to facilitate quantum information processing, particularly in the emergence of domain-specific hardware accelerators for quantum computing emulation and quantum key distillation. While conventional general-purpose hardware platforms have been used for quantum information processing, FPGAs promise deep pipeline parallelism, adaptable interface, and trivial support for custom-precision operation. Therefore, the time is ripe for describing recent development of quantum computing emulators and quantum key distillation accelerators on FPGAs. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in this active field, with a balance between theoretical, implementational, and technological results. Challenges and promising research opportunities are also discussed.