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The formalism required to determine the criterion for the onset of convection in a multi-layered porous medium heated from below is developed using a straightforward linear stability analysis. Detailed results for two- and three-layer configurations are presented. These results show that large permeability differences between the layers are required to force the system into an onset mode different from a homogeneous system.
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McKibbin et al. (1980) studied this question.
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