From Outbreaks to Prevention: The Role of Personal Hygiene in Large-scale School Feeding Programs

Foodborne outbreaks linked to large-scale school feeding programs highlight the critical role of personal hygiene among food handlers in safeguarding public health. In Indonesia, the Free Nutritious Meal (Makan Bergizi Gratis-MBG) initiative has recently faced scrutiny following multiple cases of food poisoning, underscoring systemic challenges in hygiene compliance. This review synthesizes evidence from recent outbreaks, international guidelines, and comparative experiences from similar programs worldwide. Key risk factors include inadequate handwashing practices, improper use of protective clothing, and limited training among food handlers. Structural barriers such as insufficient sanitation infrastructure and weak regulatory oversight further exacerbate vulnerabilities. Drawing on global best practices, this paper emphasizes the need for continuous education, routine monitoring, and policy integration to strengthen hygiene standards in mass feeding initiatives. By framing personal hygiene as a cornerstone of food safety, the review advocates for preventive strategies that not only reduce outbreak risks but also enhance the sustainability and credibility of school-based nutrition programs.