Key result
Novel Random Forest model detects cardiac arrhythmias with ~98% diagnostic accuracy.
Why the study?
Automatic classification of ECG signals for cardiac arrhythmia diagnosis is essential, and the feasibility of using low-cost wearable ECG devices for this purpose has increased.
A proposed lightweight machine learning approach using Random Forest and selected features from frequency analysis and Shannon entropy achieved high accuracy (98.08%) in classifying five types of cardiac arrhythmias from ECG signals.
May enable wearable arrhythmia screening; leaves open prospective clinical validation before adoption.
Classification of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals is obligatory for the automatic diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. With the recent advancement of low‐cost wearable ECG device, it becomes more feasible to utilize ECG for cardiac arrhythmia classification in daily life. In this paper, we propose a lightweight approach to classify five types of cardiac arrhythmia, namely, normal beat (N), atrial premature contraction (A), premature ventricular contraction (V), left bundle branch block beat (L), and right bundle branch block beat (R). The combined method of frequency analysis and Shannon entropy is applied to extract appropriate statistical features. Information gain criterion is employed to select features that the results show that 10 highly effective features can obtain performance measures comparable to those obtained by using the complete features. The selected features are then fed to the input of Random Forest, K‐Nearest Neighbour, and J48 for classification. To evaluate classification performance, tenfold cross validation is used to verify the effectiveness of our method. Experimental results show that Random Forest classifier demonstrates significant performance with the highest sensitivity of 98.1%, the specificity of 99.5%, the precision of 98.1%, and the accuracy of 98.08%, outperforming other representative approaches for automated cardiac arrhythmia classification.
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Zhang et al. (2019) studied Cardiac arrhythmia. CFASE-based feature selection with Random Forest classifier vs. Other representative approaches was evaluated on Classification accuracy. A Random Forest classifier using CFASE-based feature selection achieved 98.08% accuracy, 98.1% sensitivity, and 99.5% specificity for automated cardiac arrhythmia classification.
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