Identifying and Prioritizing Obstacles to the Intermediate development of Zabol City Via Chang’s Method

The present applied study utilized a descriptive-analytical research method.Statistical data were extracted through a combination of library techniques and field studies, including questionnaires and interviews with medical tourists and relevant officials.To achieve this, comprehensive information was gathered by directly referencing statistical centers and existing datasets.Subsequently, the research data were obtained through structured questionnaires, interviews, and field studies.The items in the questionnaire were organized in accordance with the research objectives and key factors, allowing for the effective collection of pertinent information from the research sample.The statistical population comprised the citizens of Zabol City, which, according to the 2015 census, numbered 134,950 individuals (Iran Statistical Center, 2015).The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula, yielding a total of 384 individuals, who were selected via a random sampling method.The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, resulting in a value of 0.80.A t-test was performed using SPSS statistical software to identify obstacles, and expert consultations (with 10 individuals selected purposefully) were conducted to prioritize these obstacles to urban infill development based on the current conditions of public spaces in the city.Additionally, several prominent software tools were employed throughout the research, tailored to the varying needs of data entry, management, storage, processing, analysis, and the preparation of requisite outputs.These tools included ARC GIS (for geographical location representation), EXCEL (for data entry into MATLAB software), EXPERT CHOICE (for criterion weighting), and MATLAB (for fuzzy calculations), which facilitated the prioritization of obstacles to urban infill development according to economic, sociocultural, political, physical, and environmental factors as determined by Chang's technique (the fuzzy AHP technique). Results and DiscussionThe results of the prioritization of indicators related to barriers of infill development, utilizing Chang's method (the fuzzy AHP technique), indicate that social and cultural barriers to urban infill development encompass economic, sociocultural, political, physical, and environmental indicators.These indicators are based on various factors, including residents' attachment to their current locations, willingness to participate in development projects, sense of security, and literacy levels concerning economic barriers to urban development, such as land prices, income generation opportunities, added value, and economic efficiency.Additionally, factors influencing political barriers include access to public services and urban facilities, government attention to infill development, land ownership issues, availability of financial resources for residents, and the prioritization of residents' interests in urban development plans.The physical and environmental obstacles identified include the quality of the city's image and landscape, the presence of dilapidated and abandoned land, the quality of buildings, the existence of barren lands, and the presence of identifying elements that affect the prioritization of obstacles to infill development.‫و‬ ‫شناسایی‬ ‫اولو‬ ‫یت‬ ‫توسعه‬ ‫موانع‬ ‫بندی‬ ‫میان‬ ‫ی‬ ‫تکنیک‬ ‫از‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫با‬ ‫زابل‬ ‫شهر‬ ‫افزای‬ ‫چانگ‬ ‫گودرزی‬ ‫مجید‬