Efficacy of Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment on the Levels of Serum Highly Sensitive Capsule Reactive Protein, Blood Cell Count, and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Patients with Stage II and Stage III Forms of Moderately Progressing Periodontitis: An Interventional Study

Background: Relationship between the severity of periodontitis and its treatment outcome on systemic biomarkers like highly sensitive capsule reactive protein (hsCRP), complete blood cell count (CBCC), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was dynamic and inconclusive over their impact on systemic inflammation. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) in systemically healthy patients having stage II and stage III types of moderately progressive periodontitis (grade B) on the laboratory levels (LL) of serum hsCRP and blood parameter (BP) of CBCC and ESR. Materials and Methods: One hundred and fourteen patients were examined, among them 75 were recruited and divided into three groups, 25 each: Group I (Gr I): Healthy controls, Group II (Gr-II): Stage II and Grade B periodontitis, and Group III (Gr-III): Stage III and grade B periodontitis. Periodontal clinical parameters (PCP) and blood samples were obtained and examined at baseline (BL) and 30 days after NSPT. The collected data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA, t-test, and Pearson correlation. Results: Comparing BL and after 30 days of NSPT in Gr-II and Gr-III, showed significant differences in PCP, LL of hsCRP and BP such as total leukocyte count, neutrophil count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, platelet count, and ESR. When comparing Gr-II and Gr-III, no major differences were found in all PCP and LL of hsCRP and BP obtained 30 days after NSPT. Conclusion: PCP and LL of hsCRP and BP improved in Grade B periodontitis at stage II and stage III after NSPT. Clinical Significance: NSPT is efficiently reducing the levels of hsCRP, CBCC, and ESR after 30 days.