Optimum flame retardance in THPC‐urea‐type formulations was achieved by approximately 1—0.9 THPC‐urea mole ratio and slow urea addition. A phosphonium salt structure is more efficient in flame retarding 100% wool and wool‐polyester blends than a phosphine oxide structure. Both structures are equivalent in flame retarding 100% polyester. It is considered probable that a vapor‐phase mechanism is predominant in the phosphorus‐based flame retardancy of wool, whereas a mixed solid‐vapor phase mechanism operates for 100% polyester.
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Basch et al. (1979) studied this question.
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