In recent years, Pakistan has faced challenges related to declining cotton production, which has led to increased imports to meet the demands of its textile industry. Addressing these challenges and implementing sustainable farming practices are essential for the continued growth and competitiveness of Pakistan's cotton sector. This desk review study is mainly concerned to know the current practices and current level of yield of cotton being obtained by the farmers. In addition, what are the challenges in way of sustainable cotton production and how institution is playing role support of sustainable cotton production. Pakistan has historically been one of the top cotton-producing countries globally, typically ranking among the top five cotton producers. Cotton production contributes significantly to the country's agricultural output. The most commonly grown cotton varieties in Pakistan are Gossypium hirsutum (upland cotton) and Gossypium arboreum (tree cotton). The cotton-growing regions in Pakistan are primarily located in the provinces of Sindh and Punjab. These regions have suitable climate and soil conditions for cotton cultivation. Pakistan's cotton industry faces various challenges, including pest infestations (such as the cotton leafhopper and pink bollworm), water scarcity, outdated farming practices, and issues related to the quality of cotton produced. The country also experiences fluctuations in cotton production due to factors like weather conditions and disease outbreaks. Based on the critical analysis presented in this review paper, priority recommendations for advancing sustainable cotton farming in Pakistan include investing in research and development tailored to the specific needs of cotton farming, particularly focusing on breeding, agronomy, pest management, and soil conservation. Additionally, there is a growing need to promote organic cotton cultivation through collaboration between international donors, the textile sector, and the agriculture department, especially in areas like Cholistan and Baluchistan.
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Muhammad Muzammil Mukhtar (2024) studied this question.