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The incompressible, variable-density Navier–Stokes equations in axisymmetric coordinates are solved for the interaction of a vortex ring with a density interface. The effect of progressively weakening stratification and variation in Reynolds number are examined. Secondary and tertiary ring formation, vortex rebound, and backflow jets are some of the features observed in the interactions.
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Marcus et al. (1994) studied this question.
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