Key result
Independent risk factors for post-cesarean surgical site infection include obesity and gestational diabetes, while evidence for specific skin preparation solutions and wound irrigation remains mixed.
Cesarean section rates are high and steadily increasing, particularly in Brazil where they reached 55.39% in 2016.
Obesity and gestational diabetes may inform post-cesarean SSI risk stratification; leaves skin preparation and irrigation evidence inconclusive for practice change.
Cesarean sections (CS) are one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide. There is great variability in the percentage of cesarean sections between countries, varying from 3% to 42.9%5. In the US, approximately 32% of deliveries occur through a cesarean section. Overall, a drastic increase in cesarean section rate has been reported reaching its highest level at the present time. In Brazil, considering the types of births by live births from 2006 to 2016, the national percentage of cesarean section was 52.37%. The variability in this percentage can still be perceived within Brazilian territory. The highest cesarean rate occurred in the Southern region, representing 58.33% of births, while the lowest rate occurred in the Northern region, with 41.79%. It is possible to see the steady increase in the percentage of CS over time, from 45.01% in 2006 to 55.39% in 2016.
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Younes et al. (2019) conducted a review in Surgical Site Infection in Cesarean Section. Skin preparation and wound irrigation was evaluated on Surgical site infection (SSI). Independent risk factors for post-cesarean surgical site infection include obesity and gestational diabetes, while evidence for specific skin preparation solutions and wound irrigation remains mixed.
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