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Electrochromic tungsten trioxide thin films were prepared by chemical vapor deposition. The source material was tungsten carbonyl. Amorphous tungsten trioxide thin films were obtained at a substrate temperature of 300°C. Reduction and oxidation of the films in a 0.3 M propylene carbonate solution resulted in desirable changes in optical absorption. Coulometry indicated that the coloration efficiency was 230 cm 2 · C −1 .
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Maruyama et al. (1994) studied this question.
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