efforts of talented administrators and professors of education and sociology? Third, why do faculty and ad ministration members rely on them anyway? The initial answer to first question is that members must be ranked for a number of pressing, practical reasons. Salary, retention, promotion, and tenure decisions must be made. Ranking for these pur poses requires objective standards, if only because courts demand them. Objectivity implies, for most of us, quantification according to a method which has been accepted by members of relevant scientific community. The premises on which this method is based may be questionable, perhaps even ludicrous, but once they have been accepted by convention, no member of relevant community has right to quarrel with results they generate. We note that the
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Peter Augustine Lawler (1982) studied this question.