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Spectroscopic techniques were applied to the study of natural and synthetic gems, especially rubies. It is shown that among the spectroscopic techniques available, micro-Raman spectroscopy is the easiest to use and the most efficient. Moreover, this technique can be applied to mounted gems without removing them from the setting. However, complementary methods such as micro-Fourier transform infrared, micro-fluorescence, electron probe and NMR spectroscopy, were used in order to characterize the gems more thoroughly in order to differentiate between natural and synthetic specimens.
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Dele et al. (1997) studied this question.
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