Between Tradition and Progress: Elite Female Performers’ Perceptions of Aesthetic Performance Culture

There are increasing calls for culture change in aesthetic activities such as ballet, gymnastics, and figure skating. To date, however, the term culture is used in numerous different ways and has rarely been the main focus of an investigation in these activities. The aim of this study was, therefore, to explore perceptions and experiences of culture among elite female aesthetic performers. Eight professional ballet dancers and international-level aesthetic athletes aged 22–46 and active in seven European countries participated. In-depth semistructured interviews were followed by reflexive thematic analysis, member reflection interviews, and an expert consultation. Results are presented as four themes: (a) We have some problems here: on traditional culture, (b) there is a way forward: on culture change, (c) who can say? on the subjective nature of experience, and (d) what does it take? on facilitators of progress. Overall, it is clear that the performers perceive their culture as traditional in many ways: Specifically, it is described as hierarchical, selective, and as valuing performance above all else. When such traditional aspects are pronounced, abuse appears more likely; indeed, all interviewees give examples of abuse. Notably, they also describe several aspects of progress regarding culture change and give a range of recommendations for how greater progress can be made. These recommendations focus on leadership and include real commitment to change, stronger education requirements for leaders, and better support for basic psychological needs. Overall, our findings may provide helpful considerations and suggestions for culture change in aesthetic activities.