The effects of aqueous chemical environments on crack propagation in quartz

The chemical role of water and other aqueous environments in crack propagation was examined in a series of crack propagation tests in natural and synthetic quartz. The potential roles of surface free energy reduction and zeta potential (surface electrostatic potential) in chemical weakening were specifically examined by running the crack propagation tests in the presence‐of six surface active aqueous environments which varied sub‐stantially in these parameters with respect to quartz. Calorimetric and electrophoresis tests were also undertaken in order to determine the degree of reduction of the surface energy of quartz produced by each chemical environment and the zeta potential between each environment and quartz. It was found that there was a moderate correlation between reduction of the crack propagation stress of quartz and the degree by which the surface energy was reduced in the presence of a particular environment. No such correlation was found with respect to zeta potential. It was also observed that some of the chemical environments appeared to produce highly branched cracks in quartz. This branching effect is probably related to the velocity of crack propagation.