Managing sodium hypochlorite accidents: the reality of toxicity

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is the most commonly used endodontic irrigant due to its effective antimicrobial function and ability to dissolve organic matter.However, when NaOCl escapes from the root canal system, the cytotoxic effects are severe, regardless of the concentration used.A case of undiagnosed external root resorption that lead to the extrusion of a 1% NaOCl solution into the periapical soft tissues is presented.This report considers guidelines and highlights the obligation of clinical practices to develop protocols for, and to maintain, the ability to manage and treat accidents involving NaOCl.