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Accurate localization remains a critical challenge in complex environments characterized by multipath propagation, Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) conditions, and environmental noise. This paper presents a comprehensive study on enhancing Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) localization systems utilizing Ultra-Wideband (UWB) signals. The contributions include the development of a robust simulation framework incorporating real-world environmental factors, a comparative analysis of deterministic and statistical approaches, and geometric optimization strategies for anchor placement. The results highlight the capability of TDOA-UWB systems for dependable implementation in industrial sectors, such as logistics, precision agriculture, and mining.
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Nkashama et al. (2026) studied this question.
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