Accessibility, Disability, and Inclusive Instrument Design

This literature review examines the current state of inclusive instrument design, highlighting a significant gap in the scholarly discourse. Research instruments, such as surveys, interview protocols, and usability tests, are typically developed with neuro-typical or non-disabled participants in mind. Through an exploratory approach, this critical review gathers literature from disability studies, education, information science, and social sciences to provide a broader perspective on inclusive instrument design. Key findings identify gaps, challenges, and recommended practices for accessibility and inclusivity in research study instruments and experiences. Three broad themes were identified, including frameworks and methodologies for accessibility or instrument design, challenges related to accessibility in instrument design, and general recommendations for inclusive instrument design and instrument accessibility. While some studies have adapted instruments for participants with disabilities, few have intentionally included these perspectives in the design process. Addressing this gap, this review presents strategies that can benefit diverse research study participants, regardless of ability. These insights support the adoption of inclusive survey, interview, and usability study design practices. By enhancing research experiences for individuals with disabilities, impairments, and chronic conditions, the study suggests that universal, human-centered design can improve user participation in research and its outcomes.