Successful Live Birth Following Treatment of Persistent Endometrial Dysbiosis and Recurrent Chronic Endometritis: A Case Report

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Case To study the cause of recurrent endometritis, which recurred after standard antibiotic therapy, we report the case of a 40‐year‐old woman with a history of recurrent pregnancy, preterm birth, and CE. The endometritis recurred following a standard antibiotic regimen. Outcome Microbiome analysis via 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed persistent dysbiosis in both vaginal and endometrial samples despite antibiotic regimens. Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) identified rare variants in TRPV3 and CD36 , potentially associated with epithelial barrier dysfunction. Following an extended course of antibiotic therapy, the woman gave birth to a healthy baby at GA 32 weeks. Conclusions This case highlights the possibility that barrier gene variants may be associated with persistent endometrial dysbiosis and recurrence of CE. An intensive antibiotic regimen may help achieve a viable pregnancy in patients with recurrent CE following standard antibiotic therapy.