Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
In Part I of the paper, a hybrid-stress-assumed natural strain eight-node solid-shell element immune to shear, membrane, trapezoidal, thickness and dilatational lockings has been developed. Moreover, the element computational cost is reduced by enforcing admissible sparsity in the flexibility matrix. In this part of the paper, the solid-shell element is generalized to a piezoelectric solid-shell element. Using the two solid-shell elements, smart structures with segmented piezoelectric sensors and actuators can be conveniently modelled. A number of problems are studied and comparisons with other ad hoc element models for smart structure modelling are presented.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Sze et al. (2000) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: