Key result
Multimodality imaging guides successful resection and radiotherapy for recurrent mediastinal teratoma with massive pericardial effusion.
Why the study?
Recurrent mediastinal teratomas with large-volume pericardial effusions are rare and require detailed radiologic characterization.
Case Report (n=1)
Contrast thoracic CT and cardiac ultrasound are effective modalities for diagnosing and characterizing rare recurrent mediastinal teratomas presenting with massive pericardial effusion.
CT and cardiac US aid detection of rare compressive teratoma with effusion; single case leaves management questions open.
Background: Mediastinal teratoma is a medical rare disease that refers to the presence of a regrowing teratoma tumor in the mediastinum. At the pulmonary hospital dr. Ario Wirawan Salatiga, only one case was found, where the patient had previously been operated on at another hospital.Objective: The purpose of this paper was to contribute to the radiology literature by presenting a case of recurrent teratoma.Case Presentation: A 19-year-old male patient complained of persistent shortness of breath. The patient previously underwent teratoma surgery. The patient underwent chest X-rays, CT scans, abdominal and cardiac ultrasounds (USG), and as well as biopsies. The results of the CT scan found a teratoma-type mediastinal tumor accompanied by a large amount of pericardial effusion. A hyperechoic lesion with well-defined borders, round-oval, lobulated, and very large in size. Location in the mediastinum that is urgent and involves the left ventricle, right ventricle, left atrium, and right atrium. There is also an aortic compression lesion accompanied by calcification (+). Examination by ultrasonography (USG) of the heart found many pericardial but not found pressing. Heart valve function in patients did not show any abnormalities.Conclusion: Recurrent teratomas with large-volume pericardial effusions are rare. In this case study, a teratoma is located in the mediastinum. In this case, axial, coronal, and sagittal slices of a contrast thoracic CT scan can be used to establish the diagnosis. The results of heart USG found a pericardial effusion, the heart chambers do not collapse in this case of recurrent teratomas, indicating a mature teratoma type.
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Lestari et al. (2023) conducted a case report in Recurrent mediastinal teratoma with massive pericardial effusion (n=1). Surgery and radiotherapy was evaluated. A 19-year-old male with a recurrent mediastinal teratoma and massive pericardial effusion was successfully diagnosed using CT and ultrasound and treated with surgery followed by radiotherapy.
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