Key result
Sevoflurane produced no evidence of nephrotoxicity in rats, whereas enflurane caused a 31% reduction in urinary concentrating ability and a 3.5-fold increase in N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase excretion.
Why the study?
Does sevoflurane cause nephrotoxicity compared to enflurane in Fischer 344 rats?
Does sevoflurane cause nephrotoxicity compared to enflurane in Fischer 344 rats?
Sevoflurane anesthesia does not produce laboratory evidence of fluoride-induced nephrotoxicity in Fischer 344 rats, unlike enflurane.
Rat fluoride data should not change sevoflurane use; leaves open human nephrotoxicity trials.
Sevoflurane is metabolized to inorganic fluoride, a potential nephrotoxin. To evaluate the nephrotoxic potential of sevoflurane, 1-yr-old male Fischer 344 rats were anesthetized with 10 minimal alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) h sevoflurane or enflurane with or without pretreatment with biotransformation-enhancing agents. Peak serum fluoride levels reached 35 microM with sevoflurane anesthesia after pretreatment with phenobarbital and 40 microM after enflurane anesthesia after pretreatment with isoniazid. One day after anesthesia, sevoflurane-anesthetized rats concentrated urine normally in response to subcutaneous administration of 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin and exhibited no increase in urinary excretion of N-acetyl beta-glucosaminidase. Isoniazid-treated, enflurane anesthetized rats developed a 31% reduction in maximal urinary concentrating ability and a 3.5-fold increase in excretion of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase. Sevoflurane produced no evidence of fluoride-induced nephrotoxicity in noninduced or enzyme-induced rats. Under similar conditions, enflurane produced laboratory evidence of nephrotoxicity.
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Malan et al. (1993) studied Anesthesia-induced nephrotoxicity. Sevoflurane vs. Enflurane was evaluated on Urinary concentrating ability and excretion of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase. Sevoflurane produced no evidence of nephrotoxicity in rats, whereas enflurane caused a 31% reduction in urinary concentrating ability and a 3.5-fold increase in N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase excretion.
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