Current status and associated factors of preoperative readiness among coronary heart disease patients undergoing interventional procedures: a cross-sectional study

This study aims to examine the current state of preoperative readiness among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) scheduled for interventional procedures and to systematically analyze the factors associated with this readiness. A total of 260 patients diagnosed with CHD and admitted to the Department of Cardiology at the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China between March and May 2026 were selected for this study. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Preoperative Assessment of Readiness Tool (PART), the Chinese version of the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS), and the Chinese version of the Barthel Index (BI). Independent sample t-tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed to compare preoperative readiness scores among different groups. Correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between continuous variables and preoperative readiness. Furthermore, a multiple linear regression model was applied to identify the independent factors associated with preoperative readiness. The mean preoperative readiness score was 78.76 ± 8.86. Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences in preoperative readiness scores based on variables such as gender, education level, sleep quality, receipt of systematic preoperative education, first-time interventional procedure, and the presence of diabetes mellitus ( P < 0.05). Correlation analysis demonstrated a negative association between age and preoperative readiness ( r = -0.132, 95% CI: -0.250 to -0.011, P = 0.033), whereas electronic health literacy was positively associated with preoperative readiness ( r = 0.241, 95% CI: 0.123 to 0.353, P < 0.001). Further multivariate linear regression analysis identified that having an education level of junior college or above (Β = 3.94, P = 0.009), receiving systematic preoperative education (B = 3.16, P = 0.013), and possessing higher electronic health literacy scores (B = 0.11, P = 0.038) were independently and positively associated with preoperative readiness. Conversely, undergoing a first interventional procedure (Β = -2.81, P = 0.007) and having diabetes mellitus (Β = -3.72, P = 0.002) were independently and negatively associated with preoperative readiness. The mean preoperative readiness score of patients with CHD was 78.76 (out of a possible 90), indicating a relatively high level of self-reported readiness; however, there remains potential for enhancement. Clinical medical personnel should prioritize patients undergoing interventional procedures for the first time, those with concomitant diabetes, and individuals with lower educational attainment. The identified associations suggest that exploring strategies to augment systematic preoperative education and enhance patients’ e-health literacy may be beneficial. Future longitudinal studies are needed to determine if such enhancements directly facilitate smoother interventional procedures and postoperative recovery.