Active Power Control of Full‐Scale Converter‐Based Wind Turbine Considering Turbine Angular Velocity for Short‐Term Frequency Stability in Power Systems

The increasing deployment of wind turbine generators (WTs) may alter the frequency stability of power systems. Unlike traditional synchronous generators, WTs are connected to the power system through converters. Consequently, WTs cannot provide an inertia response to the power system. Nevertheless, the converters can perform rapid control. Remarkably, following a generator trip, WTs can supply additional active power to the power system more swiftly than synchronous generators, making them effective for fast frequency response. Accordingly, we propose an active power control method for a WT based on the generic model published by the Western Electricity Coordinating Council. The proposed method adjusts both active power output and turbine angular velocity of the WT to prevent stalling. Numerical simulations demonstrate that WTs using the proposed method enhance frequency stability after a generator trip. The frequency stability improvement is achieved by temporarily delivering active power beyond the maximum power point (MPP) while keeping the converter current within its limits, even at low curtailment ratios. Moreover, since the frequency stability achieved by the proposed method depends on the kinetic energy stored in the WT rotor, which is related to the inertia constant , a frequency stability analysis with respect to is conducted.