Implications of institutional pluralism on natural resources sustainability in Tanzania. A case of the Selous-Niassa Wildlife Corridor

This article analyses the implications of institutional pluralism (IP) on the sustainability of natural resources in the Selous-Niassa Wildlife Corridor, Tanzania. The objective is to understand how IP is essential for the sustainability of natural resource management. A case study research design and mixed-methods approach guided the study. Sampling was conducted using both random and purposive methods, and data were collected through interviews, focus group discussions, and household surveys. Qualitative data were analysed thematically, and quantitative data were analysed using SPSS and Excel. Findings show that IP approaches are being practised in Tanzania and in the study area, and that existing regulatory frameworks foster a multi-stakeholder approach that supports sustainable practices in natural resources management. The findings indicate that IP approaches in the wildlife sector have leveraged the expertise of various institutions to address multifaceted challenges, including habitat loss, biodiversity loss, climate change, and land-use change. As the study observes, despite the notable successes, the interpretation and implementation of various institutional strategies to achieve the IP targets have been largely affected by unfair competition among institutions responsible for natural resource management. Generally, IP remains a relevant and valuable approach to the sustainable management of natural resources. In order to utilize the full potential of the IP model for sustainable natural resources management and operate efficiently, the government needs to allocate sufficient funds to implement IP strategies, reduce political interference, equip institutions and human resources with the necessary capacities, provide conservation incentives and benefits, and promote sustainable management of natural resources.