Beekeeping with Local Resources by Pangwals: A High Altitude Tribal Community of Western Himalaya

Studies on traditional beekeeping are important as they provide valuable wisdom on sustainable farming methods, ensure food security and highlight economic opportunities for rural populations. The present study was conducted in Pangi, a remote region of Himalaya, where tribal communities have been practicing apiary since generations. This research aimed to understand and document indigenous techniques of bee rearing and resource use. Structured questionnaires were utilized to gather information from locals on various aspects of apiculture. Our findings revealed that Pangwals, the native communities, have evolved unique beekeeping methods by sustainable use of natural resources. The bee-box, locally known as ‘Ganed’, is made from specific wood and installed in traditional houses to maximize sun exposure throughout the day. Additionally, they utilize several plant species in purifying Ganed, trapping bees and in honey extraction process. We also recorded 97 flowering plant species in the region that serve as forage for bees. Many of these plants possess antioxidant and medicinal properties, contributing to therapeutic value of the honey produced. The present study emphasizes on local people to take up commercial production of honey in the region for their economic upliftment and betterment, as the region is floristically very rich and much conducive to Apiary.