Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik Pada Pasien COVID-19 Pneumonia di Ruangan ICU Dengan Metode ATC/DDD

Introduction: Pneumonia is the most common secondary infection in COVID-19 with a high mortalityrate. Inaddition to antivirals, antibiotics are also given to treat patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The use of antibioticsshould be evaluated to reduce the risk of side effects, treatment costs, and antibiotic resistance. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of antibiotics for patients with COVID-19 pneumoniawho were treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) at the H.S Samsoeri Mertojoso Hospital, quantitativelyusingtheATC/DDD method. Methods: This study is a retrospective observational study using medical record data of patients with COVID-19pneumonia who were treated from January to July 2021. Data were taken from December 2021 to January2022. Antibiotic data were shown as DDD/100 patient-days and classified into Drug Utilization 90%(DU90%). Results: Twenty-two patients with COVID-19 pneumonia met the inclusion criteria. Based on the ATC/DDDmethod, the total value of DDD/100 patient-days was 126.44 DDD/100 patient-days with the most usedantibioticswere levofloxacin, meropenem, and cefoperazone-sulbactam of 58.33; 26.91; and 17.78 DDD/100 patient-days, respectively. Antibiotics included in the 90% DU classification were levofloxacin, meropenem, cefoperazone-sulbactam, moxifloxacin, and amikacin. All of them is broad spectrum antibiotics. Conclusion: Levofloxacin is the highest and ceftriaxone is the lowest of DDD/100 patient-days. It is necessarytoperiodically evaluate the use of antibiotics to minimize the overused and realize the rational use of antibiotics.