The primary division ichthyofauna of the Tigris-Euphrates basin, encompassing the drainages of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and their tributaries in Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey, is listed and compared with that of neighbouring basins and with the Nile and Indus. It comprises 52 species in 7 families, dominated by the Cyprinidae with 34 species. There are no endemic families and endemism is at the species level. The fauna is a product of dispersal, principally from the north, with minor elements from Asia and possibly Africa.
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Brian W. Coad (1996) studied this question.