Determinants of biochemical factors and microalbuminuria among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

OBJECTIVE: Aim: Progression of type 2 diabetes produces capillary and macrovascular problems, including microalbuminuria, an early renal impairment marker. This study examines biochemical factors associated to microalbuminuria in T2DM patients of varying durations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The study included 90 healthy controls, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for less than five years, and those with the illness for more than five years. Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile (HDL, LDL, vLDL, TC), serum albumin, globulins, creatinine, and urine microalbumin were tested. To compare groups, ANOVA and independent t-tests were utilized. RESULTS: Results: Patients with long-term illness showed higher fasting glucose (210.17±5.98 mg/dL), HbA1c (8.94±0.51%), serum creatinine (122.01±0.28 μmol/L), and reduced albumin (33.42±3.61 g/L Diabetics often had greater LDL, vLDL, and TC levels than controls (p<0.001). Microalbuminuria is connected to renal and metabolic dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: These findings suggest biochemical markers and microalbuminuria may predict T2DM. Early detection of these indications may help doctors prevent chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular issues.