Pesticides and Herbicides

analytical methods, toxicology, monitoring, ecology, metabolism, fate and transport, treatment strategies, risk assessment, management, modeling, and minimization, as related to pesticides and herbicides in soils, sediments, surface water, and groundwater. ANALYTICAL METHODSIn 2003, a number of scientists reported on analytical methods for detecting pesticides and herbicides.Escuderos-Morenas et al. (2003) developed a direct detection method for thermally stable phenylureas herbicides.This method used a gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection (GC-NPD).The proposed method was used for the determination of monolinuron, linuron, and chlorbromuron herbicides in powdered and fresh potato samples.Solution thermal degradation was minimized and/or avoided by using a temperature gradient program of weak ramps.This method allows the determination of the lowest trace concentration levels established by the European Directive.Detection limits of this method were 7.0 to 30 ng/g for powdered potato samples and 6.0 to 50 ng/g for fresh potato samples.