The 1D Kardar–Parisi–Zhang equation: Height distribution and universality

The Kardar–Parisi–Zhang (KPZ) equation, which was introduced in 1986 as a model equation to describe the dynamics of an interface motion, has been attracting renewed interest in recent years. In particular, the height distribution of its 1D version was determined exactly for a few special initial conditions. Its relevance in experiments was demonstrated and our understanding of the mathematical structures behind its tractability has deepened considerably. There are also new developments in the applicability of the KPZ universality in wider contexts. This paper is a short introductory review on the basics of the equation and on a few recent topics.