Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Female Genital Mutilation or Cutting among Primary Care Pediatricians: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Zürich, Switzerland

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is increasingly encountered in European healthcare settings due to migration, yet little is known about pediatricians' preparedness to address it. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of primary care pediatricians in the canton of Zürich regarding FGM/C. METHODS: We conducted an exploratory cross-sectional, structured, self-administered KAP survey among office-based primary care pediatricians in the canton of Zürich. All pediatricians with a Swiss specialization title in pediatrics practicing in an office-based primary care setting in the canton were eligible to participate. The survey assessed prior exposure to FGM/C, knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practices. Descriptive analyses were performed, and knowledge scores were calculated. RESULTS: Eighty-nine pediatricians were included in the analysis. Nearly all had heard of FGM/C, but only 20.2% had identified a patient with FGM/C. The mean knowledge score was 71.2% (percentage of correct responses across scored knowledge). Knowledge of complications and vulvar anatomy was high, while familiarity with FGM/C classification, treatment options, and reporting procedures was limited. Most participants rejected all forms of FGM/C and considered addressing it part of their professional responsibility. However, routine screening was uncommon; 66.3% rarely or never asked about FGM/C during history taking, and 35.4% did not screen at all. Reported barriers included limited interpreter access and moderate confidence. CONCLUSION: Although pediatricians demonstrated supportive attitudes and general awareness, gaps remained in practical knowledge and routine implementation. Targeted training, clear clinical guidance, and accessible referral resources may strengthen early identification and care in primary pediatric practice.