Marantaceae of the Tropical Rainforests of Central Africa: Multi-purpose Plants of Hidden Harvests

The tropical rainforests of Central Africa harbour highly valued Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) that are widely used by rural communities. These products are essential to the socio-economic, cultural and dietary life of households and represent an important source of income. Among these NTFPs, the family Marantaceae is prominent. It is a monocotyledonous botanical family belonging to the order Zingiberales comprising 29–31 genera, whose leaves, stems, fruits and rhizomes are used for a wide range of purposes by rural communities in Central Africa. Research on the family Marantaceae is extensive. The present bibliographic synthesis summarizes all available information relating to geographical distribution, botanical and economic characteristics, as well as ethnobotanical aspects. This review has highlighted certain gaps concerning the ecology and reproductive modes of the harvested species, despite their importance to local communities. Furthermore, uncertainties about quantities of Marantaceae leaves harvested, actual pressures on these resources and their potential for in situ regeneration necessitate investigation to secure sustainable management.