Key result
Female American Indian elders show significantly higher depression levels than males across multiple CES-D subscales.
Why the study?
The factor structure and measurement invariance of the CES-D depression scale in American Indian older adults by gender were unclear.
Observational
The 12-item CES-D shows partial measurement invariance across genders in American Indian older adults, with females reporting higher depression levels on specific subscales.
CES-D use in AI elders requires caution given partial invariance; leaves open need for culturally validated depression scales.
= 5.3, range: 65-90) for men., in the Cerebrovascular Disease and Its Consequences in AIs Study. We evaluated the factor structure of the 20-item and 12-item CES-D and tested measurement invariance between gender. Results demonstrated a poor fit for the 20-item CES-D and partial gender measurement invariance of the 12-item CES-D. AI female elders had significantly higher depression levels than AI male elders on the Depressed Affect subscale, the Somatic Symptoms subscale, and the Well-Being (reverse-coded) subscale. Further replication is needed, and we recommend future psychometric work with the 12-item CES-D with AI elders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Barbosa‐Leiker et al. (2021) conducted an observational in Depression. Female gender vs. Male gender was evaluated on Depression levels on CES-D subscales. American Indian female elders had significantly higher depression levels than male elders on the Depressed Affect, Somatic Symptoms, and Well-Being subscales of the CES-D.
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