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The quantum-theoretical description of the action of a spectral filter is given. It is shown that spectral filtering of light is unavoidably connected with quantum noise, which prevents the spectrometer from performing a Fourier analysis even under ideal conditions. The quantum noise is important in the study of spectral properties of nonclassical light fields, such as spectral squeezing in single-atom resonance fluorescence.
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Knöll et al. (1986) studied this question.
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