Key result
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation and surgical aortic valve replacement improved kidney function at 1 year in 57% and 45% of patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3b-5, respectively (P=0.21).
Why the study?
Long-term data on the evolution of kidney function after surgical aortic valve replacement or transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3b–5 were not available.
Does transcatheter aortic valve implantation improve kidney function compared to surgical aortic valve replacement in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3b-5 and aortic stenosis?
Cohort (n=127)
No
Does transcatheter aortic valve implantation improve kidney function compared to surgical aortic valve replacement in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3b-5 and aortic stenosis?
Aortic valve replacement, whether surgical or transcatheter, improves estimated glomerular filtration rate at 1 year in more than half of patients with advanced chronic kidney disease and aortic stenosis.
Supports kidney function improvement after AVR in advanced CKD; leaves open TAVI versus SAVR comparative effectiveness.
Immediate improvement in kidney function has been reported after surgical aortic valve replacement or transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Long-term data, however, are not available. To assess the evolution of kidney function in chronic kidney disease stage 3b–5, 1 year after surgical aortic valve replacement or transcatheter aortic valve implantation. All patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3b–5 undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement or transcatheter aortic valve implantation for aortic stenosis in a single centre were included. Kidney function was assessed 1 year postprocedure. Improvement or deterioration in estimated glomerular filtration rate was defined by an increase or decrease of 5 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. Overall, 127 procedures were analysed (54 surgical aortic valve replacements and 73 transcatheter aortic valve implantations). Kidney function improved in 51% of patients at 1 year (45% of the surgical aortic valve replacement group versus 57% of the transcatheter aortic valve implantation group; P = 0.21), and deteriorated in only 14% of patients at 1 year (18% of the surgical aortic valve replacement group versus 10% of the transcatheter aortic valve implantation group; P = 0.22). Almost a quarter of patients (23%) had an improvement in estimated glomerular filtration rate of > 15 mL/min/1.73 m2, and this was consistent at later follow-up. Few patients went onto chronic dialysis at 1 year (three after surgical aortic valve replacement and one after transcatheter aortic valve implantation). Acute kidney injury was an independent prognostic factor for long-term deterioration in kidney function (odds ratio 2.1, 95% confidence interval 1.4–3.6; P = 0.006). Aortic valve replacement, whether by surgical aortic valve replacement or transcatheter aortic valve implantation, improved estimated glomerular filtration rate at 1 year in more than half of patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3b–5. Une amélioration de la fonction rénale immédiatement après un remplacement valvulaire aortique chirurgical (RVAC) ou un remplacement aortique valvulaire percutané (TAVI) a été observée. En revanche, des données à plus long terme ne sont pas décrites. Évaluer l’impact d’un RVAC ou d’un TAVI à un an sur la fonction rénale d’insuffisants rénaux chroniques (IRC) de stade 3b à 5. Tous les patients IRC de stade 3b à 5 bénéficiant d’un RVAC ou d’un TAVI dans un centre étaient inclus. La fonction rénale était évaluée durant l’année suivant la procédure. Le critère de jugement principal était une amélioration ou une dégradation à un an du débit de filtration glomérulaire estimé (DFGe) de 5 mL/min/1,73 m2. 127 patients ont été inclus (54 RVAC et 73 TAVI). Le DFGe s’est amélioré à un an parmi 51 % des patients (RVAC 45 % vs TAVI 57 % ; p = 0,21) et détérioré chez seulement 14 % (RVAC 18 % vs TAVI 10 % ; p = 0,22). Presque un quart des patients ont présenté une amélioration de plus de 15 mL/min/1,73 m2. Seulement 4 patients ont nécessité une mise en dialyse chronique à un an (3 vs 1 patient après RVAC et TAVI, respectivement). L’insuffisance rénale aiguë était un facteur pronostique indépendant d’une détérioration de la fonction rénale à un an (OR 2,1, IC95 % 1,4–3,6 ; p = 0,006). Un RVAC ou un TAVI a permis une amélioration significative de la fonction rénale à un an chez plus de la moitié des patients IRC stade 3b à 5.
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Reuillard et al. (2019) conducted a cohort in Chronic kidney disease stage 3b-5 and aortic stenosis (n=127). Transcatheter aortic valve implantation vs. Surgical aortic valve replacement was evaluated on Improvement in estimated glomerular filtration rate by ≥5 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p=0.21). Transcatheter aortic valve implantation and surgical aortic valve replacement improved kidney function at 1 year in 57% and 45% of patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3b-5, respectively (P=0.21).
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