Assessment of Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Patients with Type-II Diabetes Mellitus Study in a Bangladeshi Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease caused by insufficient insulin production or ineffective insulin use.The global diabetes population is rapidly increasing, with over 70% living in developing countries.Anxiety and depression often coexist with diabetes, impacting treatment adherence and quality of life.People with diabetes are twice as likely to experience these mental health issues.Understanding and managing the emotional burden of diabetes is crucial for improving overall well-being and treatment outcomes.Aim of the Study: This study aims to assess the mental health (Depression, anxiety and stress) of patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Methods:The study conducted at Khulna Medical College and Hospital lasted from 2022 to 2023, with 120 patients enrolled, all with a minimum 2-year history of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Inclusion criteria included patients over 20 years old and male and female patients with a specified diabetic history.Exclusion criteria involved patients with critical health conditions or communication difficulties.Data collection utilized structured and semi-structured questionnaires, as well as chart examinations.Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26.Result: The study examined 120 patients, finding that those over 60 years old accounted for 48.33%, with 47.50% aged 40-60 and only 4.17% under 40.Most patients were male (59.17%) and urban residents (79.10%), with 74.17% literate.Mental health issues were prevalent, with 34.17% experiencing stress, 32.50% anxiety, and 33.33% depression.Severity varied: mild group (50% depression, 11.11% anxiety, 38.89% stress), moderate group (56.52% depression, 26.09% anxiety, 17.39% stress), severe group (5.56% depression, 38.89% anxiety, 55.56% stress), and very severe group (15% depression, 55% anxiety, 30% stress).Conclusion: The study found high rates of depression, anxiety, and stress in Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients, with factors like age, gender, education, and location influencing mental health.Integrating psychological assessments and interventions into T2DM management, routine screening, and multidisciplinary approaches can improve treatment adherence and quality of life.