Effectiveness research that assesses the impact of health interventions on patient outcomes is confronted with many methodological challenges. Although designing valid studies of effectiveness may be more complex than determining efficacy in highly controlled research environments, the hope is that comparative effectiveness research (CER) – if done well–will better inform health care decisions to improve patient outcomes.
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Schneeweiß et al. (2013) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: