Incidence of surgical infection and risk factors in colorectal surgery Ó? A prospective cohort study

Objective: The objective was to measure the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) and identify risk factors, in patients undergoing elective surgery of the colon and rectum.Materials and methods: A prospective cohort study was performed from January 2017 to December 2018.Results: A total of 130 patients were studied.The cumulative incidence of SSI was 12.3%.The 56.25% were superficial wound infections and the 31.25%,organ-space infection.The risk factors significantly associated with SSI were the non-administration of pre-operative oral nutrition, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, symptomatic state at the diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC), and ≥ 2 altered nutritional biochemical parameters at diagnosis.After multivariate , risk factors associated with SSI were: non-administration of preoperative enteral nutrition (odds ratio [OR] = 0.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.07-1.0),DM (OR = 3.0; 95% CI: 0.9-9.9), the heart disease (OR = 4.6; 95% CI: 1.1-18.6),and laparoscopic surgery (OR = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.08-0.97).The average stay was higher in patients with a diagnosis of SSI (11.9 vs. 9.2 days).Conclusions: Independent risk factors for SSI in CRC were the non-administration of pre-operative enteral nutrition, the existence of heart disease, and open surgery.