A field investigation was carried out to find whether the marine teleost fish Labrus berggylta can discriminate the direction of sound. In conditioning experiments with food as a reward only detection of the change in direction of a sound signal was required, not the actual location of the sound source. The experiments were carried out at a depth of over 3 m in a Norwegian fjord. The signal had a fundamental of 115 Hz and the kinetic variables (motion) exceeded the far field ratios to the sound pressure in the training by about 35% (3 dB). It is demonstrated that the Ballan wrasse, Labrus berggylta, perceives a change of sound direction under these acoustical circumstances, which includes a much less dominant particle velocity than in most laboratory experiments.
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Schuijf et al. (1971) studied this question.