Previous studies, which evaluated the tissue bonding and in vivo stability of biomedical devices, paid little attention to the surface chemistry and properties of the biomaterials prior to their implantation. Better materials characterization before placement of biomedical devices is necessary for the understanding of the chemical and physical properties, which determine biocompatibility. Biological adhesion, in particular, is strongly affected by surface chemistry changes, which are in turn drastically affected by differing preparations. The particular focus of this investigation is on the differences between passivated (acid-treated) and nonpassivated (or untreated) ASTM F-75 alloy. Both types of surfaces were examined utilizing Auger electron spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, with moderate emphasis placed on the detection and identification of nickel species.
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Moore et al. (1991) studied this question.