Resilience of interdependent power and transportation networks under extreme events: A systematic literature review

Power distribution systems and transportation infrastructure networks constitute highly interconnected urban systems whose performance is increasingly threatened by extreme events and natural hazards. Disruptions in one system can rapidly propagate to the other, leading to cascading failures, delayed recovery, and amplified societal impacts. Despite the growing body of research on these coupled systems, there remains a lack of systematic reviews that specifically synthesize the interdependence of power and transportation networks under extreme-event conditions. This paper addresses that gap through a comprehensive systematic literature review of 35 recent studies. Using a structured PRISMA-compliant protocol, the review is guided by three core research questions: (1) what computational modeling approaches and tools are available to represent these coupled infrastructures, (2) how do multi-layer cascading failures propagate between grid outages and traffic control systems, and (3) what strategies exist for optimally sequencing infrastructure recovery to prioritize critical transportation and emergency corridors? The reviewed studies are categorized by modeling approach, recovery time frames, and study type, providing a unified view of collaborative restoration strategies for these coupled networks. The reviewed literature is largely dominated by optimization-based models applied to coupled power and transportation systems, with resilience mainly influenced by cascading and cross-system interdependencies. The review also highlights important gaps in modeling realism, communication-layer representation, and empirical validation, and outlines directions for future research toward more resilient urban infrastructure systems.