Contemporary knowledge is divided among disciplinary and conceptual frameworks that often employ different concepts, assumptions, methods, and criteria of explanation. Interdisciplinary approaches can establish relations among such domains, but they do not by themselves provide a common basis for comparing systems whose fundamental descriptions of reality may differ or conflict. This paper examines the conditions required for a universal meta-system capable of supporting such comparison while preserving the distinctions among the systems it maps. It develops eight criteria that distinguish a coordinate architecture from a substantive theory and specify the conditions under which heterogeneous systems can be accommodated, related, and reconstructed within a common analytical space. Meta-Para-Ontology is presented as a candidate realization of these requirements, originally developed with these criteria in view. Its Register Ontology provides a minimal and invariant coordinate architecture based on four ontological registers, enabling Polymetaphysical Cartography to localize and compare heterogeneous philosophical, scientific, psychological, and metaphysical systems without reducing them to a common substantive vocabulary. In this framework, Meta-Para-Ontology addresses the problems of incommensurability and reductionism by reconceptualizing substantive theoretical approaches toward a Meta-Level Theory of Everything and providing a universal coordinate architecture for relating diverse theories and descriptions of reality within a common ontological space.
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Oleksandr Shapoval (2026) studied this question.
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