Advancing Tax Reform to Improve the Investment Climate in Uzbekistan

This article examines priorities for investment-oriented tax reform in Uzbekistan through a descriptive analysis of official investment statistics for 2017–2025, the 2018 tax policy reform concept, and relevant international research. The analysis distinguishes investment expenditure from its sources of financing and differentiates observed developments from causal interpretations. The official annual investment growth index indicates substantial expansion in 2018–2019 and 2023–2025, following a contraction in 2020 and relatively modest growth in 2021–2022. Foreign investment and loans accounted for 71.9% of fixed capital investment in 2025, compared with 23.8% in