Key result
Metabolic syndrome during pregnancy linked to ~172% higher odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Why the study?
Does metabolic syndrome during pregnancy increase the odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women?
Meta-Analysis (n=47,843)
Does metabolic syndrome during pregnancy increase the odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women?
Odds Ratio: 2.72 (95% CI 1.77–4.17)
Metabolic syndrome during pregnancy is associated with a nearly threefold increased odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes, highlighting the importance of cardiometabolic risk assessment in this population.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors, is increasingly prevalent among women of reproductive age. Pregnancy involves substantial metabolic and cardiovascular adaptations, and the presence of MetS may increase susceptibility to adverse pregnancy outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether MetS during pregnancy is associated with higher odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preeclampsia, small for gestational age, preterm birth, and gestational diabetes mellitus. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. We registered the review protocol with PROSPERO (CRD42024568396). We conducted study selection, data extraction, and analyses in accordance with the MOOSE (Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines. We estimated pooled odds ratios (ORs) for adverse pregnancy outcomes using a DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model in JBI SUMARI software. We assessed study quality using the JBI critical appraisal checklist for cohort studies. We defined MetS according to IDF (International Diabetes Federation), NCEP ATP III (National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III), WHO (World Health Organization), or the Harmonizing the Metabolic Syndrome criteria. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria and included data on 3,677 pregnant women with MetS and 44,166 pregnant women without MetS. Women with MetS during pregnancy had higher odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes than women without MetS (OR 2.72, 95 percent CI 1.77–4.17, I2 = 92). Leave-one-out sensitivity analyses showed consistent findings. MetS during pregnancy is associated with increased odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Mohebi et al. (2026) conducted a meta-analysis in Pregnancy (n=47,843). Metabolic syndrome vs. No metabolic syndrome was evaluated on Adverse pregnancy outcomes (including preeclampsia, small for gestational age, preterm birth, and gestational diabetes mellitus) (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.77-4.17). Metabolic syndrome during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes compared to women without the syndrome (OR 2.72; 95% CI 1.77-4.17).
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