The relationship between perceived supervisor support and employees’ entrepreneurial behavior: The moderating role of gender

This study examines the relationship between perceived supervisor support (PSS) and employees’ entrepreneurial behavior (EB) and whether the strength of this relationship differs by gender. Cross-sectional survey data were obtained from 494 blue- and white-collar employees working in public, private, and public–private partnership organizations in Türkiye. The data were analyzed using linear regression and Hayes’s PROCESS Model 1. The results showed that PSS was positively and significantly associated with entrepreneurial behavior (β = .496, R² = .246, p < .001). The interaction between PSS and gender was also significant (b = −.1816, p = .004, ΔR² = .0128). Simple slope analysis indicated that PSS was positively associated with entrepreneurial behavior among both men and women, although the association was stronger among men. Supplementary analyses further indicated that education level moderated the PSS–EB relationship, whereas age, marital status, work experience, organization type, and work category did not. The findings indicate that supervisor support is an organizational resource associated with employees’ entrepreneurial behavior and that the strength of this relationship may vary across employee characteristics.